{ "updated": "2026-11-10", "scope": "Primary literature on wearable light-sensor characterisation, calibration, agreement, placement and classification. Targeted expanded search; not an exhaustive systematic review.", "yearPolicy": "Years follow the checked research records. Some use journal issue year and some online-first year; discrepancies are identified in each record’s notes. Publication year is not the date of testing.", "provenance": { "researchFiles": [ "data/classic-research.json", "data/recent-research.json" ], "normalization": "Per-device metrics determine study-level coverage. LYS and LYS Button are one device; reported names and revision uncertainty are retained. Distinct model variants remain separate.", "searchAudit": "data/search-audit.json" }, "studies": [ { "id": "gemici-2026", "title": "Scene-based field validation of wearable light loggers", "authors": "Gemici et al.", "year": 2026, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2606.20719", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20719", "status": "Preprint", "devices": [ "ActTrust2", "ActLumus" ], "metrics": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ], "setting": "Field", "reference": "JETI Spectraval 1501 in Tübingen; Konica Minolta CL-500A in Izmir.", "protocol": "Fixed tripod rig sampled 433 indoor/outdoor scenes across daylight, artificial and mixed lighting in Tübingen and Izmir. Bootstrap resampling assessed sampling requirements.", "finding": "High association with reference measurements coexisted with systematic underestimation. Bias depended on the lighting condition and scene characteristics. Performance estimates stabilized at approximately 100 sampled scenes in this dataset.", "limitations": "Preprint. Tripod measurements do not establish continuous on-body accuracy. Only one ActTrust2 unit and two ActLumus units were tested, with one ActLumus at each site.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "arXiv v1, 16 June 2026. Both devices measured photopic illuminance; only ActLumus measured melanopic EDI. The same ActTrust2 unit was used at both sites.", "deviceMetrics": { "ActTrust2": [ "Illuminance" ], "ActLumus": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ] }, "sourceLocator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/recent-research.json", "sourceLocator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance." }, "venue": "arxiv", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "developerRelationship": { "ActTrust2": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20719", "sourceLocator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance." }, "ActLumus": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20719", "sourceLocator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance." } } }, { "id": "kore-2026", "title": "Evaluation of wearable light dosimeters for circadian lighting: spectral, spatial, photometric, melanopic, and thermal performance", "authors": "Kore et al.", "year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s44323-026-00088-y", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "LYS Button", "Blue Iris Speck v1.0", "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus" ], "metrics": [ "Angular response", "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "Calibrated Gigahertz-Optik BTS256 spectroradiometer; cosine-law angular benchmark.", "protocol": "Three units per model tested under controlled LEDs (0–570 lx) and partly cloudy daylight (42,000–78,000 lx), with separate angular and temperature tests.", "finding": "Speck showed the strongest overall measurement agreement in this comparison. LYS Button overestimated low-light melanopic EDI. Actiwatch had substantial photometric variability. All models showed difficulties under high daylight levels.", "limitations": "Three units per type; one short daylight session; spectral reconstruction evaluated for only one Speck; no on-body position or occlusion testing. Daylight variability limits interpretation as a strict linearity test.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "Published 21 July 2026. Results concern Speck v1.0, not v2.0. Melanopic EDI was evaluated only for LYS Button and Speck under LEDs; Actiwatch was excluded because it lacks melanopic outputs. Spectral reconstruction testing applies only to Speck.", "deviceMetrics": { "LYS Button": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI", "Angular response" ], "Blue Iris Speck v1.0": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI", "Angular response" ], "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus": [ "Illuminance", "Angular response" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/recent-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42477415/", "venue": "npj-biological-timing-sleep", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "developerRelationship": { "LYS Button": { "category": "Independent", "reason": "External academic team; university funding and no competing interests reported. No device-development role identified in the inspected paper.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "sourceLocator": "Author affiliations, Acknowledgements, Contributions and Competing interests." }, "Blue Iris Speck v1.0": { "category": "Independent", "reason": "External academic team; university funding and no competing interests reported. No device-development role identified in the inspected paper.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "sourceLocator": "Author affiliations, Acknowledgements, Contributions and Competing interests." }, "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus": { "category": "Independent", "reason": "External academic team; university funding and no competing interests reported. No device-development role identified in the inspected paper.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "sourceLocator": "Author affiliations, Acknowledgements, Contributions and Competing interests." } } }, { "id": "pilehchiha-2026", "title": "Cross-validation of wearable light loggers across electric and natural light conditions: focus on illuminance, melanopic EDI, and CCT", "authors": "Pilehchi-Ha et al.", "year": 2026, "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836", "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "status": "Preprint", "devices": [ "ActLumus", "lido", "OcuWEAR" ], "metrics": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "Gigahertz-Optik CSS-45 reference spectroradiometer.", "protocol": "Comparison under fluorescent, incandescent and multiple LED sources, plus dynamic daylight exposure.", "finding": "Performance depended on both the source spectrum and output metric. Illuminance varied less than melanopic EDI and colour temperature. Bias under dim conditions could change exposure-threshold classification.", "limitations": "Preprint. Bias varies with spectrum and metric; not every device was tested in every source condition. No universal accuracy bound or general ranking follows from these comparisons.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "CCT performance is indexed only for lido and OcuWEAR; it is not assigned to ActLumus.", "deviceMetrics": { "ActLumus": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ], "lido": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ], "OcuWEAR": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR." }, "venue": "medrxiv", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "developerRelationship": { "ActLumus": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "sourceLocator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR." }, "lido": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "sourceLocator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR." }, "OcuWEAR": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "sourceLocator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR." } } }, { "id": "sah-2026", "title": "Five wearable sensors for objective measurement of near work and light exposure", "authors": "Sah et al.", "year": 2026, "doi": "10.1038/s44323-026-00113-0", "venue": "npj-biological-timing-sleep", "devices": [ "VEET", "Clouclip (version not reported)", "Actiwatch (model not reported)", "ActLumus", "GENEActiv" ], "deviceMetrics": { "VEET": [ "Illuminance" ], "Clouclip (version not reported)": [ "Illuminance" ], "Actiwatch (model not reported)": [ "Illuminance" ], "ActLumus": [ "Illuminance" ], "GENEActiv": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Concurrent wearables and participant activity logs; no absolute illuminance reference.", "protocol": "Thirty adults wore five sensors for one day; valid light data from 25 participants were compared across illumination categories and with activity logs.", "finding": "Outdoor-photopic categories agreed well between devices, while low-light categories and activity-log estimates differed.", "limitations": "Authors explicitly assess mutual agreement, not absolute validation. Anatomical position and sensor characteristics differ. Unreported model revisions remain unresolved.", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors.", "setting": "Field", "evidenceType": "Wearable-to-wearable comparison", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42988864/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors." }, "developerRelationship": { "VEET": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors." }, "Clouclip (version not reported)": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors." }, "Actiwatch (model not reported)": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors." }, "ActLumus": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors." }, "GENEActiv": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors." } } }, { "id": "ishihara-2025", "title": "Performance of wearable light sensors for measuring photopic and melanopic illuminance under laboratory and free-living conditions", "authors": "Ishihara et al.", "year": 2025, "doi": "10.1093/sleep/zsaf358", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "ActLumus", "GENEActiv", "ActiGraph wGT3X-BT", "LYS Button" ], "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "NIST-calibrated ILT560-A spectrometer; free-living comparison between ActLumus and ActiGraph.", "protocol": "Eight units per manufacturer tested under warm/cool LEDs (2–1,000 lx) and daylight (5,000–100,000 lx). Twenty-one adults wore ActLumus and ActiGraph concurrently for one week.", "finding": "ActLumus had the widest tested response range and lowest between-unit variability. LYS showed larger melanopic errors under warm light. GENEActiv and ActiGraph underestimated illuminance; limited sensitivity and saturation produced large differences in daily exposure estimates.", "limitations": "Two indoor spectra and selected daylight conditions do not cover all lighting environments. The field component compared two wrist devices without a continuously worn reference spectrometer.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "Online November 2025; February 2026 issue. Melanopic testing applies only to ActLumus and LYS. The paper uses melanopic illuminance/lux, not explicitly EDI; indexed here as Other circadian metrics. LYS hardware version is unspecified. Between-unit variability is distinct from repeatability. Additional reported endpoints: Dynamic range, Between-device variability. The LYS name is indexed under LYS Button; these are the same device, as clarified by the curator. The paper does not specify a hardware revision.", "deviceMetrics": { "ActLumus": [ "Illuminance" ], "GENEActiv": [ "Illuminance" ], "ActiGraph wGT3X-BT": [ "Illuminance" ], "LYS Button": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7).", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/recent-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7)." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41230818/", "venue": "sleep", "reportedDeviceNames": { "LYS Button": "LYS" }, "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "developerRelationship": { "ActLumus": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7)." }, "LYS Button": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7)." }, "GENEActiv": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7)." }, "ActiGraph wGT3X-BT": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7)." } } }, { "id": "sarkar-2025", "title": "Validation of real-time viewing distance and ambient illumination measurement with two wearable sensors", "authors": "Sarkar et al.", "year": 2025, "doi": "10.1111/opo.13457", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11976500/", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "Vivior Mark 3+", "Clouclip (second generation)" ], "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "Calibrated Konica Minolta CL-200A chroma meter for illumination; ruler for the separate distance assessment.", "protocol": "Five units of each model attached to spectacles on a mannequin. Light measurements were repeated across seven indoor/outdoor locations on three days. A separate study tested viewing distance in 13 young adults.", "finding": "Both devices tracked the luxmeter; individual differences became more variable above roughly 3,500–4,000 lx. Some bright indoor locations exceeded the 1,000-lx outdoor threshold.", "limitations": "The participant component assessed viewing distance rather than light-measurement accuracy during unrestricted wear. The study did not validate melanopic or spectral outputs; sleep mode and spectacle use can affect deployment.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "Published 14 February 2025. Exact tested versions were five Vivior Mark 3+ and five second-generation Clouclip units. Agreement in photopic illuminance should not be generalized to other outputs or hardware generations. Outdoor-threshold discussion is not indexed as classification validation.", "deviceMetrics": { "Vivior Mark 3+": [ "Illuminance" ], "Clouclip (second generation)": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Methods: Study 1 and device descriptions; Results: Validation of ambient illumination measurements, Figures 6–7; Discussion (repeatability).", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/recent-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Study 1 and device descriptions; Results: Validation of ambient illumination measurements, Figures 6–7; Discussion (repeatability)." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39950839/", "venue": "ophthalmic-physiological-optics", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "developerRelationship": { "Vivior Mark 3+": { "category": "Independent", "reason": "External academic authors report no conflicts; Meta funded the study. Vivior assisted with raw-data access, as acknowledged. Independent refers to authorship, not absence of all manufacturer assistance.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11976500/", "sourceLocator": "Author affiliations; Funding information; Conflict of interest statement; Acknowledgements." }, "Clouclip (second generation)": { "category": "Independent", "reason": "External academic authors report no conflicts; Meta funded the study. Vivior assisted with raw-data access, as acknowledged. Independent refers to authorship, not absence of all manufacturer assistance.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11976500/", "sourceLocator": "Author affiliations; Funding information; Conflict of interest statement; Acknowledgements." } } }, { "id": "stevenson-2025", "title": "Research note: The validity and reliability of a novel wearable sensor in measuring light exposure in an indoor and outdoor environment", "authors": "Stevenson, Suppiah & Driller", "year": 2025, "doi": "10.1177/14771535251338582", "venue": "lighting-research-technology", "devices": [ "LYS Button" ], "deviceMetrics": { "LYS Button": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Factory-calibrated RS PRO RS-92 digital light meter.", "protocol": "Two LYS Buttons were placed side by side with the reference for eight-hour indoor and outdoor recordings. Separate two-hour recordings assessed between-unit reliability.", "finding": "Buttons read about 25 lx lower indoors and 82 lx higher outdoors on average. Between-unit ICCs were 0.90 indoors and 0.98 outdoors.", "limitations": "Stationary, upward-facing sensors; no free-living wear test. Only illuminance was validated. Removal of outliers and the limited conditions affect interpretation.", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.1–2.3; Tables 1–2; Section 3.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14771535251338582", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "First published online 3 July 2025; journal issue dated 2026. Do not infer melanopic EDI or CCT validation from the device’s advertised outputs.", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.1–2.3; Tables 1–2; Section 3." }, "developerRelationship": { "LYS Button": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14771535251338582", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.1–2.3; Tables 1–2; Section 3." } } }, { "id": "mcdowell-2024", "title": "Beyond Lux: methods for species and photoreceptor-specific quantification of ambient light for mammals", "authors": "McDowell et al.", "year": 2024, "doi": "10.1186/s12915-024-02038-1", "venue": "bmc-biology", "devices": [ "SpectraWear" ], "deviceMetrics": { "SpectraWear": [ "Melanopic EDI" ] }, "metrics": [ "Melanopic EDI" ], "reference": "Calibrated SpectroCal spectroradiometer; species-specific photoreceptor weighting functions.", "protocol": "Ten-channel readings were fitted to reference measurements from 13 spectra, then tested at a wider range of irradiances. Performance was assessed for 12 domestic mammal species and humans.", "finding": "Melanopic and rhodopic estimates performed better than short-wavelength cone estimates; limited UV sensitivity constrained some species-specific quantities.", "limitations": "Bench calibration of wearable hardware, not an on-body validation. Accuracy depends on the spectra and species-specific response being estimated.", "sourceLocator": "Figure 2; Methods: Light sensor calibration and validation.", "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Calibration study", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11562817/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39538277/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Figure 2; Methods: Light sensor calibration and validation." }, "developerRelationship": { "SpectraWear": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11562817/", "sourceLocator": "Figure 2; Methods: Light sensor calibration and validation." } } }, { "id": "mohammadian-2024", "title": "A Wrist-Worn Internet of Things Sensor Node for Wearable Equivalent Daylight Illuminance Monitoring", "authors": "Mohammadian et al.", "year": 2024, "doi": "10.1109/JIOT.2024.3355330", "venue": "ieee-internet-things", "devices": [ "SpectraWear" ], "deviceMetrics": { "SpectraWear": [ "Melanopic EDI", "Angular response" ] }, "metrics": [ "Angular response", "Melanopic EDI" ], "reference": "SpectroCAL MKII spectroradiometer and calibrated custom spectral source.", "protocol": "Thirteen ten-channel units were calibrated and tested across spectral/intensity conditions, with additional angular-response and body-location experiments.", "finding": "Mean absolute errors in α-opic EDI were below 0.07 log lx; between-unit correlations were at least 0.99 under the reported conditions.", "limitations": "Laboratory calibration and limited wear demonstrations do not establish equal performance under every real-world spectrum or placement.", "sourceLocator": "Sections II-D, III-B and IV: calibration, EDI accuracy, directional response and wearing position.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Characterisation + placement", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11100858/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "SpectraWear is the name used for this research platform in associated publications; the engineering paper describes a wrist-worn sensor node.", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38765485/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Sections II-D, III-B and IV: calibration, EDI accuracy, directional response and wearing position." }, "developerRelationship": { "SpectraWear": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11100858/", "sourceLocator": "Sections II-D, III-B and IV: calibration, EDI accuracy, directional response and wearing position." } } }, { "id": "stampfli-2023", "title": "The Light-Dosimeter: A new device to help advance research on the non-visual responses to light", "authors": "Stampfli et al.", "year": 2023, "doi": "10.1177/14771535221147140", "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14771535221147140", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "lido" ], "metrics": [ "Angular response", "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "JETI specbos 1201 spectroradiometer; Ocean Insight STS-VIS for a real-world demonstration.", "protocol": "Integrating-sphere calibration; tests under incandescent, LED, fluorescent and daylight sources; illuminance/CCT and angular-response characterization; near-corneal melanopic irradiance compared with a portable spectroradiometer.", "finding": "The development study reports satisfactory agreement with commercial reference equipment and demonstrates coordinated near-corneal light recording during a field experiment.", "limitations": "Developer-led characterization and a limited demonstration; the reported results do not establish performance under every spectrum, wearing position or field condition.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "Published online 13 February 2023. The article describes lido and its calibration workflow. Its field demonstration concerns melanopic irradiance, which should not be relabeled melanopic EDI.", "deviceMetrics": { "lido": [ "Illuminance", "Angular response" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.5 and 3.1; Figures 8–9 (illuminance/CCT/angular tests); Section 3.3 and Figures 10–11 (melanopic irradiance comparison).", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/recent-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.5 and 3.1; Figures 8–9 (illuminance/CCT/angular tests); Section 3.3 and Figures 10–11 (melanopic irradiance comparison)." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37469656/", "venue": "lighting-research-technology", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "developerRelationship": { "lido": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14771535221147140", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.5 and 3.1; Figures 8–9 (illuminance/CCT/angular tests); Section 3.3 and Figures 10–11 (melanopic irradiance comparison)." } } }, { "id": "dhakal-2022", "title": "Development and validation of a ‘MyLyt’ wearable light tracking device", "authors": "Dhakal et al.", "year": 2022, "doi": "10.1111/opo.13061", "venue": "ophthalmic-physiological-optics", "devices": [ "MyLyt" ], "deviceMetrics": { "MyLyt": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Factory-calibrated Sinometer LX1330B lux meter; activity diaries for indoor/outdoor classification.", "protocol": "Four trackers were tested in a controlled chamber and indoor/outdoor settings. A field phase included 21 adults and eight children.", "finding": "Repeated and between-unit measurements were consistent. Reference agreement varied by setting; diary-based indoor/outdoor classification had high sensitivity and specificity in this sample.", "limitations": "Classification uses self-reported location. Illuminance agreement is not proof of accuracy for spectra or melanopic quantities.", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Phase 1/2 validation; Results: Figures 3–5 and Tables 2–4.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "url": "https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/29252/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "Online publication 22 October 2022; issue year 2023.", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36271902/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Phase 1/2 validation; Results: Figures 3–5 and Tables 2–4." }, "developerRelationship": { "MyLyt": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/29252/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Phase 1/2 validation; Results: Figures 3–5 and Tables 2–4." } } }, { "id": "bhandari-2021", "title": "Wearable Sensors for Measurement of Viewing Behavior, Light Exposure, and Sleep", "authors": "Bhandari, Mirhajianmoghadam & Ostrin", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.3390/s21217096", "venue": "sensors", "devices": [ "Clouclip (version not reported)", "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Clouclip (version not reported)": [ "Illuminance" ], "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Concurrent spectacle-mounted Clouclip, wrist Actiwatch Spectrum Plus, daily logs and questionnaire.", "protocol": "Twenty-five adults wore both devices for one week. Illuminance and time above the outdoor threshold were compared with each other and self-reports.", "finding": "Wrist Actiwatch illuminance was systematically lower than Clouclip. Questionnaire estimates of outdoor time exceeded both device estimates.", "limitations": "Placement and device are confounded. This study evaluates agreement and behaviour estimates, not absolute sensor accuracy against a photometer.", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.2–2.3 and light-exposure results.", "setting": "Field", "evidenceType": "Wearable-to-wearable comparison", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8587946/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34770402/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.2–2.3 and light-exposure results." }, "developerRelationship": { "Clouclip (version not reported)": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8587946/", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.2–2.3 and light-exposure results." }, "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8587946/", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.2–2.3 and light-exposure results." } } }, { "id": "falck-2021", "title": "Shining the Light on the MotionWatch8 Light Sensor for Sleep and Aging Research: What Can We Measure and What Are We Missing?", "authors": "Falck et al.", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.3233/ADR-200242", "venue": "alzheimer-disease-reports", "devices": [ "MotionWatch 8" ], "deviceMetrics": { "MotionWatch 8": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Extech LT40 LED light meter.", "protocol": "Seventeen everyday scenarios were sampled for five minutes each, including tests with and without sleeves. Thresholds classified light/dark, electrical/daylight and bright-light therapy.", "finding": "The watch distinguished some lighting classes but had poor absolute agreement and did not reliably identify bright-light therapy. Sleeves commonly reduced readings.", "limitations": "Scenario-specific thresholds are not universal. A small controlled wear demonstration cannot establish general free-living accuracy.", "sourceLocator": "Methods; Table 3; Figures 1–4.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7903008/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33681717/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods; Table 3; Figures 1–4." }, "developerRelationship": { "MotionWatch 8": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7903008/", "sourceLocator": "Methods; Table 3; Figures 1–4." } } }, { "id": "howell-2021", "title": "Reliability and validity of the Actiwatch and Clouclip for measuring illumination in real-world conditions", "authors": "Howell et al.", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.1111/opo.12860", "venue": "ophthalmic-physiological-optics", "devices": [ "Actiwatch 2", "Clouclip (second generation)" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Actiwatch 2": [ "Illuminance" ], "Clouclip (second generation)": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Manufacturer-calibrated Hagner S2 universal photometer.", "protocol": "Devices on a skeleton were compared with a photometer at matched sensor positions in nine indoor/outdoor settings. Five Clouclip M2 units were also compared concurrently.", "finding": "Both devices underestimated illuminance despite high correlations. Clouclip more closely reproduced the reference in the tested range; its between-unit illuminance ICC was 0.85.", "limitations": "Device-reference trials were separate and covered different ranges. Indoor locations can exceed 1,000 lx; an illuminance category is not necessarily an outdoor location.", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Devices employed and Validity; Results: Tables 2–4, Figures 3–5.", "setting": "Field", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/opo.12860", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "reportedDeviceNames": { "Clouclip (second generation)": "Clouclip M2" }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34387902/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Devices employed and Validity; Results: Tables 2–4, Figures 3–5." }, "developerRelationship": { "Actiwatch 2": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/opo.12860", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Devices employed and Validity; Results: Tables 2–4, Figures 3–5." }, "Clouclip (second generation)": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/opo.12860", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Devices employed and Validity; Results: Tables 2–4, Figures 3–5." } } }, { "id": "mohamed-2021", "title": "Wearable light spectral sensor optimized for measuring daily α-opic light exposure", "authors": "Mohamed et al.", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.1364/OE.431373", "venue": "optics-express", "devices": [ "Mohamed et al. spectrophotometer" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Mohamed et al. spectrophotometer": [ "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI", "Angular response" ] }, "metrics": [ "Angular response", "Illuminance", "Melanopic EDI" ], "reference": "Konica Minolta CL-500A calibrated illuminance spectrophotometer.", "protocol": "A pendant/clip spectrophotometer covering 380–780 nm was developed and tested with common light sources; corrections addressed directionality, dark noise, saturation, nonlinearity, stray light and spectral response.", "finding": "After correction, the reported α-opic EDI errors were below 7% for the four tested source types. Optical modification improved angular response; remaining spectral errors differed by source.", "limitations": "Bench testing of a prototype with four source types does not establish accuracy for every spectrum or wearing condition. No equivalence to a later branded device is inferred.", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.2 and 3; Table 1 (angular response), Table 2 and Figure 8 (source comparisons).", "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "url": "https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/wearable-light-spectral-sensor-optimized-for-measuring-daily-%CE%B1-op/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34615174/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Author-deposited abstract, Optics Express 29:27612–27627." }, "fullTextUrl": "https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/portalfiles/portal/349085607/349060469_oa.pdf", "developerRelationship": { "Mohamed et al. spectrophotometer": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/wearable-light-spectral-sensor-optimized-for-measuring-daily-%CE%B1-op/", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.2 and 3; Table 1 (angular response), Table 2 and Figure 8 (source comparisons)." } } }, { "id": "nagra-2021", "title": "Intra- and Inter-Model Variability of Light Detection Using a Commercially Available Light Sensor", "authors": "Nagra et al.", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.1007/s10916-020-01694-4", "venue": "journal-medical-systems", "devices": [ "Actiwatch Spectrum Pro" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Actiwatch Spectrum Pro": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Controlled Gretag Macbeth Judge II lightbox; comparison among four watches and two sessions.", "protocol": "RGB and white outputs were recorded under simulated daylight D65, illuminant A and cool-white fluorescent light.", "finding": "Significant between-watch differences occurred under all three illuminants; repeated measurements also differed for most watch/channel combinations.", "limitations": "Four units. This establishes variability, not traceable absolute illuminance accuracy. Despite the title, the tested watches are all Spectrum Pro.", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Methods: illumination conditions and procedure; Results.", "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Repeatability study", "url": "https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25801/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33638131/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Methods: illumination conditions and procedure; Results." }, "developerRelationship": { "Actiwatch Spectrum Pro": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25801/", "sourceLocator": "Abstract; Methods: illumination conditions and procedure; Results." } } }, { "id": "webler-2021", "title": "Towards a wearable sensor for spectrally-resolved personal light monitoring", "authors": "Webler, Chinazzo & Andersen", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012120", "venue": "journal-physics-conference", "devices": [ "Spectrace" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Spectrace": [ "Illuminance", "Angular response" ] }, "metrics": [ "Angular response", "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Reference spectra; LMT Pocket-Lux 2 for angular-response measurements.", "protocol": "Prototype tests examined spectral reconstruction, angular response and intensity linearity; a separate survey assessed wearability.", "finding": "Measured angular mismatch was 2.07%. Spectral reconstruction and intensity response depended on the tested signal and source conditions.", "limitations": "Prototype and conference paper. Spectral recovery demonstrations do not establish arbitrary-spectrum reconstruction or a separately validated melanopic EDI output.", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.1 and 3.1.1–3.1.3; Figures 1–4.", "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "url": "https://infoscience.epfl.ch/server/api/core/bitstreams/39b60a11-96de-4c57-9208-55f51290ab92/content", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "Full conference proceedings paper (CISBAT 2021), not an abstract.", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.1 and 3.1.1–3.1.3; Figures 1–4." }, "developerRelationship": { "Spectrace": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://infoscience.epfl.ch/server/api/core/bitstreams/39b60a11-96de-4c57-9208-55f51290ab92/content", "sourceLocator": "Sections 2.1 and 3.1.1–3.1.3; Figures 1–4." } } }, { "id": "wen-2021", "title": "The Clouclip, a wearable device for measuring near-work and outdoor time: validation and comparison of objective measures with questionnaire estimates", "authors": "Wen et al.", "year": 2021, "doi": "10.1111/aos.14785", "venue": "acta-ophthalmologica", "devices": [ "Clouclip (first generation)" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Clouclip (first generation)": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Konica Minolta T-10 illuminance meter.", "protocol": "Fifteen first-generation units were tested in 28 light environments spanning 50–38,000 lx, with repeated measurements. A separate participant study compared device records with questionnaires.", "finding": "Controlled light tests reported a maximum relative error of 2.23% and high within- and between-unit consistency.", "limitations": "Questionnaires are not a traceable illuminance reference. Results apply to the first-generation units and tested environments.", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Validation of Clouclip; light-intensity validation results.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aos.14785", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33729708/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Validation of Clouclip; light-intensity validation results." }, "developerRelationship": { "Clouclip (first generation)": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aos.14785", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Validation of Clouclip; light-intensity validation results." } } }, { "id": "bhandari-2020", "title": "Validation of the Clouclip and utility in measuring viewing distance in adults", "authors": "Bhandari & Ostrin", "year": 2020, "doi": "10.1111/opo.12735", "venue": "ophthalmic-physiological-optics", "devices": [ "Clouclip (second generation)" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Clouclip (second generation)": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Dr. Meter LX1330B digital lux meter.", "protocol": "Clouclip and reference sensors were aligned in indoor and outdoor locations, including shade and direct sunlight. The paper separately tested viewing distance.", "finding": "Illuminance was strongly correlated with the reference, but disagreement grew at high levels, particularly above 20,000 lx.", "limitations": "Distance performance does not establish light accuracy. Staged measurements do not reproduce continuous on-body occlusion.", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Ambient illumination; Results: Figure 7.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7606561/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33002229/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Ambient illumination; Results: Figure 7." }, "developerRelationship": { "Clouclip (second generation)": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7606561/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: Ambient illumination; Results: Figure 7." } } }, { "id": "joyce-2020", "title": "The accuracy of artificial and natural light measurements by actigraphs", "authors": "Joyce, Zele, Feigl & Adhikari", "year": 2020, "doi": "10.1111/jsr.12963", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31860938/", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "GENEActiv Original", "Actiwatch 2" ], "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "Calibrated laboratory-standard photometer.", "protocol": "Compared device illuminance with a photometer under white LED light and natural sunlight; also tested neutral-density filters to extend measurement range.", "finding": "At about 20,000 lux LED light, GENEActiv and Actiwatch 2 recorded about 50% and 25% of reference illuminance, respectively. At about 30,000 lux sunlight, GENEActiv saturated and Actiwatch 2 recorded about 46%.", "limitations": "Absolute readings required correction under tested conditions. Temporal tracking does not imply absolute accuracy; reported correction factors should not be assumed universal across spectra or device versions.", "access": "Abstract", "notes": "Journal of Sleep Research 29(5), e12963. Online publication December 2019; journal issue October 2020. Primary publisher abstract also verified at https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12963 . Additional reported endpoints: Linearity, Dynamic range.", "deviceMetrics": { "GENEActiv Original": [ "Illuminance" ], "Actiwatch 2": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Abstract: photometer comparison, LED/sunlight under-reading, saturation and neutral-density filters.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/classic-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Abstract: photometer comparison, LED/sunlight under-reading, saturation and neutral-density filters." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31860938/", "venue": "journal-sleep-research", "evidenceType": "Reference comparison", "developerRelationship": { "GENEActiv Original": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31860938/", "sourceLocator": "Abstract: photometer comparison, LED/sunlight under-reading, saturation and neutral-density filters." }, "Actiwatch 2": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31860938/", "sourceLocator": "Abstract: photometer comparison, LED/sunlight under-reading, saturation and neutral-density filters." } } }, { "id": "stone-2020", "title": "Accuracy of the GENEActiv Device for Measuring Light Exposure in Sleep and Circadian Research", "authors": "Stone, McGlashan, Facer-Childs, Cain & Phillips", "year": 2020, "doi": "10.3390/clockssleep2020012", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7445795/", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "GENEActiv Original" ], "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "J17 Luma Color illuminance meter; MK350N spectrometer for spectral measurements.", "protocol": "Ten units tested under fluorescent and LED illumination, darkness, overcast outdoor daylight, narrowband blue/green/red LEDs and an infrared camera illuminator.", "finding": "Outputs tracked illuminance but generally underestimated it, particularly below 100 lux. Accuracy depended on spectrum: green light was under-reported, red light over-reported, and infrared affected the measurements.", "limitations": "Low-light accuracy varied by source. Recording relative light patterns or distinguishing indoor/outdoor conditions does not establish accurate absolute exposure in dim environments.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "Clocks & Sleep 2(2), 143–152. Inter-device reliability is reported separately from repeatability; findings apply to tested hardware/software. Additional reported endpoints: Low-light response, Inter-device reliability.", "deviceMetrics": { "GENEActiv Original": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "sourceLocator": "§2.1–2.4: devices, stimuli and protocol; Table 2 and Results: intensity accuracy, spectral/infrared effects and inter-device reliability.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/classic-research.json", "sourceLocator": "§2.1–2.4: devices, stimuli and protocol; Table 2 and Results: intensity accuracy, spectral/infrared effects and inter-device reliability." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33089197/", "venue": "clocks-sleep", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "developerRelationship": { "GENEActiv Original": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7445795/", "sourceLocator": "§2.1–2.4: devices, stimuli and protocol; Table 2 and Results: intensity accuracy, spectral/infrared effects and inter-device reliability." } } }, { "id": "arguelles-prieto-2019", "title": "Determining Light Intensity, Timing and Type of Visible and Circadian Light From an Ambulatory Circadian Monitoring Device", "authors": "Argüelles-Prieto et al.", "year": 2019, "doi": "10.3389/fphys.2019.00822", "venue": "frontiers-physiology", "devices": [ "Kronowise" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Kronowise": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Ocean Optics spectroradiometer with CC-3 cosine corrector; CIE S 026 calculations from reference spectra.", "protocol": "Commercial lamps and sunlight were compared with three-channel Kronowise readings; separate calibration relationships were developed for natural and two artificial-light classes.", "finding": "Source-specific transformations improved correspondence with reference visible and circadian-light estimates relative to raw outputs.", "limitations": "Results depend on the source classifier and fitted calibration. The paper’s circadian channel is not automatically interchangeable with every modern melanopic EDI implementation.", "sourceLocator": "Methods: calibration; Results: light-source classification and calibrated visible/circadian measurements.", "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Calibration study", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6607467/", "access": "Full text", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31297069/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Methods: calibration; Results: light-source classification and calibrated visible/circadian measurements." }, "developerRelationship": { "Kronowise": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6607467/", "sourceLocator": "Methods: calibration; Results: light-source classification and calibrated visible/circadian measurements." } } }, { "id": "ostrin-2017", "title": "Objectively Measured Light Exposure in Emmetropic and Myopic Adults", "authors": "Ostrin", "year": 2017, "doi": "10.1097/OPX.0000000000001013", "venue": "optometry-vision-science", "devices": [ "Actiwatch Spectrum" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Actiwatch Spectrum": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Lux meter and UV sensor; models unresolved in the inspected abstract.", "protocol": "The paper reports indoor/outdoor device calibration in addition to 14-day recordings in 55 adults and comparisons with activity questionnaires.", "finding": "An original calibration component is reported alongside the exposure study; numerical sensor agreement has not been extracted from the accessible abstract.", "limitations": "Abstract-level calibration record. The observational refractive-error comparisons do not themselves validate the sensor; quantitative accuracy requires full-text extraction.", "sourceLocator": "Publisher abstract, Methods: calibration against a lux meter and UV sensor.", "setting": "Laboratory + field", "evidenceType": "Calibration study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000001013", "access": "Abstract", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27811524/", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Publisher abstract, Methods: calibration against a lux meter and UV sensor." }, "developerRelationship": { "Actiwatch Spectrum": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000001013", "sourceLocator": "Publisher abstract, Methods: calibration against a lux meter and UV sensor." } } }, { "id": "price-2017", "title": "Optical performance characterization of light-logging actigraphy dosimeters", "authors": "Price, Lyachev & Khazova", "year": 2017, "doi": "10.1364/JOSAA.34.000545", "url": "https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-34-4-545", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "MotionWatch 8", "ActTrust", "GENEActiv Original", "Actiwatch 2" ], "metrics": [ "Angular response" ], "setting": "Laboratory", "reference": "Photopic and photoreceptor sensitivity functions, cosine response and reference values for dynamic characterization.", "protocol": "New optical tests and existing evidence were combined. This record indexes four complete-protocol models with individually identifiable spectral and angular results: MotionWatch 8, ActTrust, GENEActiv Original and Actiwatch 2.", "finding": "Optical characterization covers directional and spectral sensitivity, linearity, dynamic range and resolution, with a proposed assessment protocol. Results are model- and channel-specific.", "limitations": "Only abstract and publisher tables were inspected. Other models discussed in the paper are omitted here to avoid counting reused evidence or assigning combined model results to individual variants.", "access": "Abstract", "notes": "Abstract and Tables 1–4 inspected. Indexed coverage restricted to individually identifiable spectral and angular tests. Additional reported endpoints: Linearity, Dynamic range, Resolution.", "deviceMetrics": { "MotionWatch 8": [ "Angular response" ], "ActTrust": [ "Angular response" ], "GENEActiv Original": [ "Angular response" ], "Actiwatch 2": [ "Angular response" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Table 1: complete-protocol models; Table 2: spectral mismatch; Table 3: cosine-response error; Table 4: dynamic performance.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/classic-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Table 1: complete-protocol models; Table 2: spectral mismatch; Table 3: cosine-response error; Table 4: dynamic performance." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28375324/", "venue": "josa-a", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "developerRelationship": { "MotionWatch 8": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-34-4-545", "sourceLocator": "Table 1: complete-protocol models; Table 2: spectral mismatch; Table 3: cosine-response error; Table 4: dynamic performance." }, "ActTrust": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-34-4-545", "sourceLocator": "Table 1: complete-protocol models; Table 2: spectral mismatch; Table 3: cosine-response error; Table 4: dynamic performance." }, "GENEActiv Original": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-34-4-545", "sourceLocator": "Table 1: complete-protocol models; Table 2: spectral mismatch; Table 3: cosine-response error; Table 4: dynamic performance." }, "Actiwatch 2": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?uri=josaa-34-4-545", "sourceLocator": "Table 1: complete-protocol models; Table 2: spectral mismatch; Table 3: cosine-response error; Table 4: dynamic performance." } } }, { "id": "markvart-2015", "title": "Comparison and Correction of the Light Sensor Output from 48 Wearable Light Exposure Devices by Using a Side-by-Side Field Calibration Method", "authors": "Markvart et al.", "year": 2015, "doi": "10.1080/15502724.2015.1020948", "venue": "leukos", "devices": [ "Actiwatch Spectrum" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Actiwatch Spectrum": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "reference": "Side-by-side comparison among 48 Actiwatch Spectrum units.", "protocol": "RGB and white outputs were compared under different light sources to develop a field-calibration procedure.", "finding": "The study documents between-unit response variation and proposes corrections based on concurrent measurements.", "limitations": "Agreement after field correction does not by itself establish traceable absolute accuracy. Detailed correction coefficients require the full paper.", "sourceLocator": "Author-deposited abstract: study aim, device model and protocol.", "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Between-unit calibration", "url": "https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/comparison-and-correction-of-the-light-sensor-output-from-48-wear/", "access": "Abstract", "status": "Peer reviewed", "notes": "", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "sourceLocator": "Author-deposited abstract: study aim, device model and protocol." }, "developerRelationship": { "Actiwatch Spectrum": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/comparison-and-correction-of-the-light-sensor-output-from-48-wear/", "sourceLocator": "Author-deposited abstract: study aim, device model and protocol." } } }, { "id": "figueiro-2013", "title": "Comparisons of three practical field devices used to measure personal light exposures and activity levels", "authors": "Figueiro, Hamner, Bierman & Rea", "year": 2013, "doi": "10.1177/1477153512450453", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "Daysimeter-S", "Daysimeter-D", "Actiwatch Spectrum" ], "metrics": [ "Angular response", "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory + field", "reference": "Photopic V(λ), cosine response and calibrated near-eye Daysimeter measurements for placement comparisons.", "protocol": "Optical characterization and field comparisons: 12 adults over 65 wore Daysimeters at four body locations and a wrist Actiwatch; five days analyzed.", "finding": "Daysimeters performed better photometrically than Actiwatch Spectrum. Wrist measurements differed from near-cornea exposure.", "limitations": "Neither device qualified as a laboratory-grade photometer. Field evidence is from older adults; circadian light and stimulus are model-specific quantities, not CIE melanopic EDI.", "access": "Full text", "notes": "Five of seven days analyzed. Placement comparisons used Daysimeters; Actiwatch remained at the wrist.", "deviceMetrics": { "Daysimeter-S": [ "Illuminance", "Angular response" ], "Daysimeter-D": [ "Illuminance", "Angular response" ], "Actiwatch Spectrum": [ "Illuminance", "Angular response" ] }, "sourceLocator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/classic-research.json", "sourceLocator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison." }, "pubmedUrl": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24443644/", "venue": "lighting-research-technology", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "developerRelationship": { "Daysimeter-S": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "sourceLocator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison." }, "Daysimeter-D": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "sourceLocator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison." }, "Actiwatch Spectrum": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "sourceLocator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison." } } }, { "id": "price-2012", "title": "Performance assessment of commercial circadian personal exposure devices", "authors": "Price, Khazova & O’Hagan", "year": 2012, "doi": "10.1177/1477153511433171", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1477153511433171", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "Actiwatch Spectrum" ], "metrics": [ "Angular response" ], "setting": "Laboratory", "reference": "Optical characterization; abstract does not identify all reference instruments.", "protocol": "Sixteen Actiwatch Spectrum units were evaluated for spectral response, directional response and dynamic range.", "finding": "The paper reports optical performance and proposes calibration, deployment and analysis techniques for circadian studies.", "limitations": "Only the abstract was inspected for this record. It supports the scope of testing, but is insufficient for a quantitative accuracy judgment.", "access": "Abstract", "notes": "Metadata and abstract verified at the authors’ institution: https://researchportal.ukhsa.gov.uk/en/publications/performance-assessment-of-commercial-circadian-personal-exposure--2/ . Lighting Research & Technology 44(1), 17–26. Additional reported endpoints: Dynamic range.", "deviceMetrics": { "Actiwatch Spectrum": [ "Angular response" ] }, "sourceLocator": "Abstract: 16 units; spectral response, directional response and dynamic range.", "provenance": { "researchFile": "data/classic-research.json", "sourceLocator": "Abstract: 16 units; spectral response, directional response and dynamic range." }, "venue": "lighting-research-technology", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "developerRelationship": { "Actiwatch Spectrum": { "category": "Unclear", "reason": "Developer involvement has not been established from the inspected source. This is not a claim of independence.", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1477153511433171", "sourceLocator": "Abstract: 16 units; spectral response, directional response and dynamic range." } } }, { "id": "bierman-2005", "title": "The Daysimeter: a device for measuring optical radiation as a stimulus for the human circadian system", "authors": "Bierman, Klein & Rea", "year": 2005, "doi": "10.1088/0957-0233/16/11/023", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/11/023", "status": "Peer reviewed", "devices": [ "Daysimeter (2005 prototype)" ], "deviceMetrics": { "Daysimeter (2005 prototype)": [ "Illuminance" ] }, "metrics": [ "Illuminance" ], "setting": "Laboratory", "evidenceType": "Characterisation", "reference": "Photo Research LRS 450 Light Standard; spectral matching against the photopic response.", "protocol": "Two prototypes were checked for spectral response. Linearity was tested against an integrating-sphere source with an approximately illuminant-A spectrum.", "finding": "Photopic spectral-mismatch values were 3.8% and 5.4%. The tested response departed from linearity by a few percent across roughly 3.5 decades of irradiance.", "limitations": "Partial full-text extraction from the indexed author PDF. The instrument’s higher advertised range was not tested. This record does not establish modern melanopic EDI accuracy.", "access": "Partial full text", "sourceLocator": "Author PDF, Section 3.1.3: Radiation measurement verification; Figure 3.", "notes": "Primary passage accessible through indexed PDF text; direct download failed. Additional endpoints await complete full-text inspection.", "provenance": { "audit": "data/search-audit.json", "checked": "2026-11-10", "inspectedSource": "https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/daylighting/pdf/daysimeter2005.pdf" }, "venue": "measurement-science-technology", "developerRelationship": { "Daysimeter (2005 prototype)": { "category": "Developer involved", "reason": "The authors describe development or characterisation of their own research instrument.", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/11/023", "sourceLocator": "Author PDF, Section 3.1.3: Radiation measurement verification; Figure 3." } } } ], "devices": [ { "id": "actigraph-wgt3x-bt", "name": "ActiGraph wGT3X-BT", "maker": "ActiGraph", "form": "", "description": "Exact model as named in the indexed literature.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "ActiGraph", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "ishihara-2025" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "locator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7).", "studyId": "ishihara-2025" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "no", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "locator": "Device descriptions and melanopic measurement methods.", "studyId": "ishihara-2025" } ], "note": "The tested device provides no melanopic output in the cited study." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "ActiGraph" }, { "id": "actiwatch-unspecified", "name": "Actiwatch (model not reported)", "maker": "Philips Respironics", "form": "Wrist worn", "description": "The five-sensor comparison names Actiwatch without a model suffix. Its results are retained without inferring a model from appearance.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Actiwatch", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "sah-2026" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "locator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors.", "studyId": "sah-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Philips Respironics / Mini Mitter" }, { "id": "actiwatch-2", "name": "Actiwatch 2", "maker": "Philips Respironics", "form": "", "description": "Actiwatch 2 model, distinct from Spectrum and Spectrum Plus.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Actiwatch", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "howell-2021", "joyce-2020", "price-2017" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/opo.12860", "locator": "Methods: Devices employed and Validity; Results: Tables 2–4, Figures 3–5.", "studyId": "howell-2021" }, { "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31860938/", "locator": "Abstract: photometer comparison, LED/sunlight under-reading, saturation and neutral-density filters.", "studyId": "joyce-2020" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Philips Respironics / Mini Mitter" }, { "id": "actiwatch-spectrum", "name": "Actiwatch Spectrum", "maker": "Philips Respironics", "form": "", "description": "Original Spectrum model, distinct from Actiwatch 2 and Spectrum Plus.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Actiwatch", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "ostrin-2017", "cao-2015", "markvart-2015", "figueiro-2013", "price-2012" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000001013", "locator": "Publisher abstract, Methods: calibration against a lux meter and UV sensor.", "studyId": "ostrin-2017" }, { "url": "https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/comparison-and-correction-of-the-light-sensor-output-from-48-wear/", "locator": "Author-deposited abstract: study aim, device model and protocol.", "studyId": "markvart-2015" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "locator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison.", "studyId": "figueiro-2013" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Philips Respironics / Mini Mitter" }, { "id": "actiwatch-spectrum-plus", "name": "Actiwatch Spectrum Plus", "maker": "Philips Respironics", "form": "", "description": "Spectrum Plus model; evidence for the original Spectrum or Spectrum Pro is not automatically transferred.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Actiwatch", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "kore-2026", "shneor-2024", "bhandari-2021" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "locator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations.", "studyId": "kore-2026" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8587946/", "locator": "Sections 2.2–2.3 and light-exposure results.", "studyId": "bhandari-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "no", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "locator": "Device descriptions and melanopic measurement methods.", "studyId": "kore-2026" } ], "note": "The tested device provides no melanopic output in the cited study." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Philips Respironics / Mini Mitter" }, { "id": "actiwatch-spectrum-pro", "name": "Actiwatch Spectrum Pro", "maker": "Philips Respironics", "form": "Wrist worn", "description": "Spectrum Pro hardware, studied separately from Spectrum and Spectrum Plus.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Actiwatch", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "nagra-2021" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25801/", "locator": "Abstract; Methods: illumination conditions and procedure; Results.", "studyId": "nagra-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Philips Respironics / Mini Mitter" }, { "id": "actlumus", "name": "ActLumus", "maker": "Condor Instruments", "form": "", "description": "Exact model as named in the indexed literature.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "gemici-2026", "pilehchiha-2026", "sah-2026", "zauner-2026-placement", "ishihara-2025" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20719", "locator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance.", "studyId": "gemici-2026" }, { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "locator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "studyId": "pilehchiha-2026" }, { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "locator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors.", "studyId": "sah-2026" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "locator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7).", "studyId": "ishihara-2025" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20719", "locator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance.", "studyId": "gemici-2026" }, { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "locator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "studyId": "pilehchiha-2026" }, { "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.28.741277v1", "locator": "Author manuscript: Methods, Instruments, preprocessing and Results.", "studyId": "zauner-2026-placement" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Condor Instruments" }, { "id": "acttrust", "name": "ActTrust", "maker": "Condor Instruments", "form": "", "description": "ActTrust model named in Price et al. (2017), distinct from ActTrust2.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "ActTrust", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "price-2017" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Condor Instruments" }, { "id": "acttrust2", "name": "ActTrust2", "maker": "Condor Instruments", "form": "", "description": "ActTrust2 named in Gemici et al., distinct from the earlier ActTrust model.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "ActTrust", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "gemici-2026" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20719", "locator": "PDF pp. 6–7: Measurement setup; pp. 11–12: Results; Figure 2: A ActLumus mEDI, B ActLumus illuminance, C ActTrust2 illuminance.", "studyId": "gemici-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Condor Instruments" }, { "id": "blue-iris-speck-v1-0", "name": "Blue Iris Speck v1.0", "maker": "Blue Iris Labs", "form": "", "description": "Version 1.0 tested in Kore et al. Findings are not transferred to Speck v2.0.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "kore-2026" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "locator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations.", "studyId": "kore-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "locator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations.", "studyId": "kore-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Blue Iris Labs", "manufacturerSource": { "url": "https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-34490.pdf", "locator": "Methods: manufacturer of Speck instruments." } }, { "id": "clouclip-first-generation", "name": "Clouclip (first generation)", "maker": "Glasson Technology", "form": "Spectacle mounted", "description": "First-generation hardware explicitly identified by Wen et al. (2021).", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Clouclip", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "wen-2021" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aos.14785", "locator": "Methods: Validation of Clouclip; light-intensity validation results.", "studyId": "wen-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Glasson Technology" }, { "id": "clouclip-second-generation", "name": "Clouclip (second generation)", "maker": "", "form": "", "description": "Second-generation units tested by Sarkar et al.; results are specific to the tested version.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Clouclip", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "sarkar-2025", "howell-2021", "bhandari-2020" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11976500/", "locator": "Methods: Study 1 and device descriptions; Results: Validation of ambient illumination measurements, Figures 6–7; Discussion (repeatability).", "studyId": "sarkar-2025" }, { "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/opo.12860", "locator": "Methods: Devices employed and Validity; Results: Tables 2–4, Figures 3–5.", "studyId": "howell-2021" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7606561/", "locator": "Methods: Ambient illumination; Results: Figure 7.", "studyId": "bhandari-2020" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Glasson Technology" }, { "id": "clouclip-unspecified", "name": "Clouclip (version not reported)", "maker": "Glasson Technology", "form": "Spectacle mounted", "description": "Used where the inspected paper does not identify the hardware generation. Evidence is not automatically transferred to a named revision.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "Clouclip", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "sah-2026", "wen-2023", "bhandari-2021" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "locator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors.", "studyId": "sah-2026" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10759099/", "locator": "Methods: assessment of agreement; Results: mount-location comparisons.", "studyId": "wen-2023" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8587946/", "locator": "Sections 2.2–2.3 and light-exposure results.", "studyId": "bhandari-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Glasson Technology" }, { "id": "daysimeter-original", "name": "Daysimeter (2005 prototype)", "maker": "Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute", "form": "Head mounted", "description": "Original two-channel prototype; kept separate from Daysimeter-S and Daysimeter-D.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "Daysimeter", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "bierman-2005" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/11/023", "locator": "Author PDF, Section 3.1.3: Radiation measurement verification; Figure 3.", "studyId": "bierman-2005" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Lighting Research Center" }, { "id": "daysimeter-d", "name": "Daysimeter-D", "maker": "Lighting Research Center", "form": "", "description": "Daysimeter-D used at the wrist, torso and pendant positions in the indexed Figueiro et al. study.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "Daysimeter", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "figueiro-2013" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "locator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison.", "studyId": "figueiro-2013" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Lighting Research Center" }, { "id": "daysimeter-s", "name": "Daysimeter-S", "maker": "Lighting Research Center", "form": "", "description": "Daysimeter-S used near the eye in the indexed Figueiro et al. field comparison.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "Daysimeter", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "figueiro-2013" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3892948/", "locator": "§2.2.1, Figures 3–5: optical performance; §3.2–3.3, Figure 6: Daysimeter placement; Figure 7: wrist comparison.", "studyId": "figueiro-2013" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Lighting Research Center" }, { "id": "geneactiv", "name": "GENEActiv", "maker": "Activinsights", "form": "", "description": "GENEActiv as named in Ishihara et al.; version not resolved. Kept separate from records explicitly naming GENEActiv Original.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "GENEActiv", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "sah-2026", "ishihara-2025" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "locator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors.", "studyId": "sah-2026" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "locator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7).", "studyId": "ishihara-2025" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "no", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "locator": "Device descriptions and melanopic measurement methods.", "studyId": "ishihara-2025" } ], "note": "The tested device provides no melanopic output in the cited study." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Activinsights" }, { "id": "geneactiv-original", "name": "GENEActiv Original", "maker": "Activinsights", "form": "", "description": "Original model explicitly named in the indexed studies. Evidence is not transferred to unspecified or later GENEActiv versions.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "GENEActiv", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "joyce-2020", "stone-2020", "price-2017" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31860938/", "locator": "Abstract: photometer comparison, LED/sunlight under-reading, saturation and neutral-density filters.", "studyId": "joyce-2020" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7445795/", "locator": "§2.1–2.4: devices, stimuli and protocol; Table 2 and Results: intensity accuracy, spectral/infrared effects and inter-device reliability.", "studyId": "stone-2020" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Activinsights" }, { "id": "kronowise", "name": "Kronowise", "maker": "University of Murcia / Kronohealth", "form": "Wrist worn", "description": "Three-channel ambulatory circadian monitoring device; calibration depends on light-source class.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "arguelles-prieto-2019" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6607467/", "locator": "Methods: calibration; Results: light-source classification and calibrated visible/circadian measurements.", "studyId": "arguelles-prieto-2019" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "University of Murcia / Kronohealth" }, { "id": "lido", "name": "lido", "maker": "Lucerne School of Engineering and Architecture", "form": "", "description": "Light-Dosimeter (lido), as named in the indexed literature. Endpoints differ across its development paper and later cross-validation.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "pilehchiha-2026", "stampfli-2023" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "locator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "studyId": "pilehchiha-2026" }, { "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14771535221147140", "locator": "Sections 2.5 and 3.1; Figures 8–9 (illuminance/CCT/angular tests); Section 3.3 and Figures 10–11 (melanopic irradiance comparison).", "studyId": "stampfli-2023" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "locator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "studyId": "pilehchiha-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Lucerne School of Engineering and Architecture", "manufacturerSource": { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1.full", "locator": "Methods: Experimental set-ups." } }, { "id": "lys-button", "name": "LYS Button", "maker": "LYS Technologies", "form": "", "description": "Also called LYS. Evidence under both names is grouped here; study-specific hardware and endpoint details remain in each record.", "aliases": [ "LYS" ], "aliasIds": [ "lys" ], "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "kore-2026", "ishihara-2025", "stevenson-2025" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "locator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations.", "studyId": "kore-2026" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13396946/", "locator": "Methods: Laboratory assessment; Results: Figures 2–6 and Free-living comparison (Figure 7).", "studyId": "ishihara-2025" }, { "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14771535251338582", "locator": "Sections 2.1–2.3; Tables 1–2; Section 3.", "studyId": "stevenson-2025" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00088-y", "locator": "Results: Figures 2–3 (illuminance), 4–5 (Speck spectrum), 6 (melanopic EDI), 7 (angular response); Temperature dependence; Discussion limitations.", "studyId": "kore-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "LYS Technologies" }, { "id": "mohamed-spectrophotometer", "name": "Mohamed et al. spectrophotometer", "maker": "Monash University", "form": "Pendant / clip on", "description": "Research spectrophotometer described in 2021. This record does not assume equivalence to later branded hardware.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "mohamed-2021" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/wearable-light-spectral-sensor-optimized-for-measuring-daily-%CE%B1-op/", "locator": "Sections 2.2 and 3; Table 1 (angular response), Table 2 and Figure 8 (source comparisons).", "studyId": "mohamed-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/wearable-light-spectral-sensor-optimized-for-measuring-daily-%CE%B1-op/", "locator": "Sections 2.2 and 3; Table 1 (angular response), Table 2 and Figure 8 (source comparisons).", "studyId": "mohamed-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Monash University" }, { "id": "motionwatch-8", "name": "MotionWatch 8", "maker": "CamNtech", "form": "", "description": "Exact model as named in the indexed literature.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "falck-2021", "price-2017" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7903008/", "locator": "Methods; Table 3; Figures 1–4.", "studyId": "falck-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "CamNtech" }, { "id": "mylyt", "name": "MyLyt", "maker": "L V Prasad Eye Institute", "form": "Clip on", "description": "Prototype light tracker evaluated in controlled conditions and during daily activities.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "dhakal-2022" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/29252/", "locator": "Methods: Phase 1/2 validation; Results: Figures 3–5 and Tables 2–4.", "studyId": "dhakal-2022" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "L V Prasad Eye Institute" }, { "id": "ocuwear", "name": "OcuWEAR", "maker": "Ocutune", "form": "", "description": "Exact model as named in the indexed literature.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "pilehchiha-2026" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "locator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "studyId": "pilehchiha-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1", "locator": "Methods and device-specific illuminance, melanopic EDI and CCT comparisons; CCT reported only for lido and OcuWEAR.", "studyId": "pilehchiha-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Ocutune", "manufacturerSource": { "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364836v1.full", "locator": "Methods: Experimental set-ups." } }, { "id": "spectrace", "name": "Spectrace", "maker": "EPFL LIPID", "form": "Pendant / clip on", "description": "Research prototype described by Webler, Chinazzo and Andersen (2021).", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "webler-2021" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://infoscience.epfl.ch/server/api/core/bitstreams/39b60a11-96de-4c57-9208-55f51290ab92/content", "locator": "Sections 2.1 and 3.1.1–3.1.3; Figures 1–4.", "studyId": "webler-2021" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "EPFL LIPID" }, { "id": "spectrawear", "name": "SpectraWear", "maker": "University of Manchester", "form": "Wrist worn", "description": "Ten-channel research device described by Mohammadian et al. (2024); named SpectraWear in the associated research literature.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "mcdowell-2024", "mohammadian-2024" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301608120", "locator": "Statistical Analysis: device-specific calibration converts raw channels to photopic illuminance and alpha-opic EDI." } ], "note": "Output documented in the cited paper; this capability citation is not counted as an illuminance validation." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11562817/", "locator": "Figure 2; Methods: Light sensor calibration and validation.", "studyId": "mcdowell-2024" }, { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11100858/", "locator": "Sections II-D, III-B and IV: calibration, EDI accuracy, directional response and wearing position.", "studyId": "mohammadian-2024" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "University of Manchester" }, { "id": "veet", "name": "VEET", "maker": "Meta Reality Labs", "form": "Spectacle mounted", "description": "Visual Environment Evaluation Tool. The indexed study assesses agreement with other wearables and activity logs.", "deviceType": "Research device", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "sah-2026" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-026-00113-0", "locator": "Abstract; Results: Table 2; Introduction (scope); Methods: wearable sensors.", "studyId": "sah-2026" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Meta Reality Labs" }, { "id": "vivior-mark-3-plus", "name": "Vivior Mark 3+", "maker": "", "form": "", "description": "Mark 3+ units tested by Sarkar et al.; results are specific to the tested version.", "deviceType": "Commercial model", "family": "", "typeSourceStudyIds": [ "sarkar-2025" ], "reportedOutputs": { "Illuminance": { "status": "yes", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11976500/", "locator": "Methods: Study 1 and device descriptions; Results: Validation of ambient illumination measurements, Figures 6–7; Discussion (repeatability).", "studyId": "sarkar-2025" } ], "note": "The cited paper reports this quantity from the device or its documented calibration/processing workflow. This does not by itself establish accuracy." }, "Melanopic EDI": { "status": "not documented", "sources": [], "note": "This output has not been established in the inspected literature for this exact model; absence of documentation does not establish absence of capability." } }, "manufacturerGroup": "Vivior" } ], "venues": { "sleep": { "name": "SLEEP", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/sleep", "logo": "assets/venues/sleep.svg", "logoSource": "https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/data/SiteBuilderAssets/Live/Images/sleep/sleep_title-213915662.svg", "logoKind": "Journal wordmark", "logoTheme": "dark", "notes": "Official white SLEEP masthead wordmark, linked from the journal homepage. Display on a dark background without recolouring.", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "f8e974994d751cccd05433548c4051fdf48359046c1968e5990e80653ec8a094" }, "npj-biological-timing-sleep": { "name": "npj Biological Timing and Sleep", "url": "https://www.nature.com/npjbts/", "logo": "assets/venues/npj-biological-timing-sleep.svg", "logoSource": "https://media.springernature.com/full/nature-cms/uploads/product/npjbts/header-52b1285367d27b553d416f3b214c7374.svg", "logoKind": "Journal wordmark", "logoTheme": "light", "notes": "Official journal masthead SVG linked from Nature journal homepage.", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "600110cc22a3c7d296e813a71121ce05b4c1ac1d3359e4283d2d5591a5aad9f3" }, "lighting-research-technology": { "name": "Lighting Research & Technology", "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/home/lrt", "logo": "assets/venues/lighting-research-technology.png", "logoSource": "https://journals.sagepub.com/cms/asset/05d1f614-17df-4d6a-9ac7-322f5b636fda/lrtd_58_6-7.largecover.png", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "45991d5ba6abbcf126dfb196f1fe462d7de065a90e37348586cb3430cc284d15" }, "arxiv": { "name": "arXiv", "url": "https://arxiv.org/", "logo": "assets/venues/arxiv.svg", "logoSource": "https://static.arxiv.org/static/design-system/latest/logos/arxiv-logo.svg", "logoKind": "Preprint server logo", "logoTheme": "light", "notes": "Official arXiv design-system logo linked from the arXiv homepage.", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "ce0353650c0d4c1af4e2a777dfd0b64e7079a42d16dbb2aa4fe3d924975d9000" }, "medrxiv": { "name": "medRxiv", "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/", "logo": "assets/venues/medrxiv.png", "logoSource": "https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/medRxiv_homepage_logo.png", "logoKind": "Preprint server logo", "logoTheme": "light", "notes": "Official medRxiv homepage logo linked from the server homepage.", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "2d4a9f40348de0eff9f199486d9cd5776b993cfe210e11e4ba61125a98d1347f" }, "chronobiology-international": { "name": "Chronobiology International", "url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/icbi20", "logo": "assets/venues/chronobiology-international.png", "logoSource": "https://covers.tandf.co.uk/og/ICBI.png", "logoKind": "Official journal title graphic", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "85c6c6d3746a050e3bc56fd2b6a12a71c0ce7f262e2755c05d089c619b6df32f" }, "josa-a": { "name": "Journal of the Optical Society of America A", "url": "https://opg.optica.org/josaa/home.cfm", "logo": "assets/venues/josa-a.jpg", "logoSource": "https://opg.optica.org/images/osa-josaa.jpg", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "564b68713ab0188a3997b96b13a32c3b71fae860c178afb4f4da6680ba53898e" }, "journal-sleep-research": { "name": "Journal of Sleep Research", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/13652869", "logo": "assets/venues/wiley-publisher.svg", "logoSource": "https://www.wiley.com/en-us", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (Wiley); journal-specific asset could not be downloaded", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "85c3a323e0418c756e67bd3a276026c502af70ba47ccae72db81b1587f7d2e2e" }, "ophthalmic-physiological-optics": { "name": "Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics", "url": "https://link.springer.com/journal/44402", "logo": "assets/venues/ophthalmic-physiological-optics.jpg", "logoSource": "https://www.college-optometrists.org/image/Media/Card%20images/GRAPHIC%20CARD%20IMAGE/GRAPHIC-BANNER-CARD-OPO-logo.jpg?v=listing", "logoKind": "Journal wordmark banner supplied by the College of Optometrists", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "52ce293f18dec212f6a04cc686e1ae4e694a818ee31a0d17057ee0916f203cee" }, "journal-optometry": { "name": "Journal of Optometry", "url": "https://www.journalofoptometry.org/", "logo": "assets/venues/journal-optometry.png", "logoSource": "https://static.elsevier.es/assets_org_prod/webs/3/dist/logo-CNufLvhH.png", "logoKind": "Journal wordmark from the official Elsevier-hosted journal website", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "e00efdc7e0033bdaa0c5965c15ad2d51b15fe87ebac1d222d0e6f8fbb70d7bce" }, "clocks-sleep": { "name": "Clocks & Sleep", "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/clockssleep", "logo": "assets/venues/clocks-sleep.png", "logoSource": "https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/clockssleep-logo.png", "logoKind": "Journal logo from the official MDPI image CDN", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "5ae073bb684c31c0d65725141fde6370588d5447c55232cabe41cc1f83571d63" }, "acta-ophthalmologica": { "name": "Acta Ophthalmologica", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/17553768", "logo": "assets/venues/wiley-publisher.svg", "logoSource": "https://www.wiley.com/en-us", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (Wiley)", "publisher": "Wiley", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "85c3a323e0418c756e67bd3a276026c502af70ba47ccae72db81b1587f7d2e2e" }, "building-environment": { "name": "Building and Environment", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-and-environment", "logo": "assets/venues/building-environment.jpg", "logoSource": "https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/X03601323.jpg", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "c26f73a5c7f8061496f5aedaff4a7e1ccffb753215a786d549c76924d4564bb4" }, "leukos": { "name": "LEUKOS", "url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/ulks20", "logo": "assets/venues/leukos.png", "logoSource": "https://covers.tandf.co.uk/og/ULKS.png", "logoKind": "Official journal title graphic", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "ef4719e8ed49d674ea2038bb5da2a3ed295851f4f94682f1e79978b577346aa6" }, "ieee-internet-things": { "name": "IEEE Internet of Things Journal", "url": "https://ieee-iotj.org/", "logo": "assets/venues/ieee-publisher.png", "logoSource": "https://ieee-iotj.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/ieee-logo-black.png", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (IEEE)", "publisher": "IEEE", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "f328aec3af4aaca5f5e2c897a32298fd910f70f97c208cb8f487478c0ef946af" }, "sensors": { "name": "Sensors", "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors", "logo": "assets/venues/sensors.png", "logoSource": "https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/sensors-logo.png", "logoKind": "Journal logo", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "a2d89f99b8e059c273c1edeb748e87476fbdc5a5a32e5c09da6c285e8d39bb6f" }, "bmj-open-ophthalmology": { "name": "BMJ Open Ophthalmology", "url": "https://bmjophth.bmj.com/", "logo": "assets/venues/bmj-open-ophthalmology.png", "logoSource": "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/banners/logo-bmjophth.png", "logoKind": "Journal masthead hosted by PubMed Central", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "f1dbdbbf2dfa6e01ef86062a434bfe2d6743bbfa917abb517a4f5d1e57dca0af" }, "journal-physics-conference": { "name": "Journal of Physics: Conference Series", "url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1742-6596", "logo": "assets/venues/iop-publisher.jpg", "logoSource": "https://cdn.images.iop.org/website-logos/IOP-Publishing-300x83.jpg", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (IOP Publishing)", "publisher": "IOP Publishing", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "1429b3eca6d72aeaaf4863bee6bc1cbaa30a52250c764a300b0acf70e7512b8e" }, "frontiers-physiology": { "name": "Frontiers in Physiology", "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology", "notes": "Journal title displayed as text; a verified local journal image was unavailable at this audit." }, "journal-medical-systems": { "name": "Journal of Medical Systems", "url": "https://link.springer.com/journal/10916", "logo": "assets/venues/journal-medical-systems.png", "logoSource": "https://media.springernature.com/w153/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/10916", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "5feabc17b3aba9f970ef7b6a948308ee19968e236600c47f36ae7ed0714f9ee4" }, "alzheimer-disease-reports": { "name": "Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports", "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/home/alr", "logo": "assets/venues/alzheimer-disease-reports.png", "logoSource": "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/banners/logo-adr.png", "logoKind": "Journal masthead hosted by PubMed Central", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "a8c340336557c71cafa4ef9ef46a2a2ec7defe5f7424bdde11d1e55670e66bf4" }, "medicine-science-sports-exercise": { "name": "Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise", "url": "https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/", "notes": "Journal title displayed as text; a verified local journal image was unavailable at this audit." }, "optics-express": { "name": "Optics Express", "url": "https://opg.optica.org/oe/home.cfm", "logo": "assets/venues/optics-express.jpg", "logoSource": "https://opg.optica.org/images/osa-oe.jpg", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "512fbe11478c5d4333212e5c42c049eb609a3a8344573a6baf41880388e9cd18" }, "hardwarex": { "name": "HardwareX", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/hardwarex", "logo": "assets/venues/hardwarex.jpg", "logoSource": "https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/X24680672.jpg", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "65f34c12b75ae4fd55f2e4128cb290ee2f89d1a681fbf5b7ac09c0066d8aa161" }, "photochemistry-photobiology": { "name": "Photochemistry and Photobiology", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/17511097", "logo": "assets/venues/wiley-publisher.svg", "logoSource": "https://www.wiley.com/en-us", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (Wiley)", "publisher": "Wiley", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "85c3a323e0418c756e67bd3a276026c502af70ba47ccae72db81b1587f7d2e2e" }, "american-journal-physiology": { "name": "American Journal of Physiology — Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology", "url": "https://journals.physiology.org/journal/ajpregu", "notes": "Journal title displayed as text; a verified local journal image was unavailable at this audit." }, "eye": { "name": "Eye", "url": "https://www.nature.com/eye/", "logo": "assets/venues/eye.svg", "logoSource": "https://media.springernature.com/full/nature-cms/uploads/product/eye/header-43f844eb1c530ef1beb8118f649c7a2d.svg", "logoKind": "Journal wordmark", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "b3019d2f47fe0646b2443143e41bde6c5dfc743ce6d6cd1bba4d884ab3c40d3b" }, "biorxiv": { "name": "bioRxiv", "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/", "logo": "assets/venues/biorxiv.png", "logoSource": "https://www.biorxiv.org/sites/default/files/biorxiv_logo_homepage.png", "logoKind": "Preprint server logo", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "d24698dbca5b208f76a788524485a16e7a745d9e978def847c5fb2f388e281b9" }, "tvst": { "name": "Translational Vision Science & Technology", "url": "https://tvst.arvojournals.org/", "logo": "assets/venues/tvst.gif", "logoSource": "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/banners/logo-tvst.gif", "logoKind": "Journal masthead hosted by PubMed Central", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "a077847f903f8db51638ab7c438d6fac997d41dddcbb25373c7d04fcdac831ea" }, "cie-proceedings": { "name": "Proceedings of the 29th CIE Session", "url": "https://cie.co.at/publications", "notes": "Journal title displayed as text; a verified local journal image was unavailable at this audit." }, "science-translational-medicine": { "name": "Science Translational Medicine", "url": "https://www.science.org/journal/stm", "notes": "Journal title displayed as text; a verified local journal image was unavailable at this audit." }, "science-advances": { "name": "Science Advances", "url": "https://www.science.org/journal/sciadv", "logo": "assets/venues/science-advances.gif", "logoSource": "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/banners/logo-sciadv.gif", "logoKind": "Journal masthead hosted by PubMed Central", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "25eda2164be80e975c6ce9f50e7541b0e9ab2a0509a3b749b97025e455f715db" }, "bmc-biology": { "name": "BMC Biology", "url": "https://link.springer.com/journal/12915", "logo": "assets/venues/bmc-biology.png", "logoSource": "https://media.springernature.com/w153/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/12915", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "7718000c3e4e94842a4ffafadc3ffc683729d45a9f38432f8f0b0108ebcdce1b" }, "journal-translational-medicine": { "name": "Journal of Translational Medicine", "url": "https://link.springer.com/journal/12967", "logo": "assets/venues/journal-translational-medicine.png", "logoSource": "https://media.springernature.com/w153/springer-static/cover-hires/journal/12967", "logoKind": "Official journal cover", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "b666bdb7715ea4bde4a0dd70471cdb7bce1cecffaa61acd2eea9a6d867416499" }, "research-nursing-health": { "name": "Research in Nursing & Health", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/1098240x", "logo": "assets/venues/wiley-publisher.svg", "logoSource": "https://www.wiley.com/en-us", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (Wiley)", "publisher": "Wiley", "downloaded": "2026-11-10", "sha256": "85c3a323e0418c756e67bd3a276026c502af70ba47ccae72db81b1587f7d2e2e" }, "optometry-vision-science": { "name": "Optometry and Vision Science", "url": "https://journals.lww.com/optvissci/", "notes": "Journal title displayed as text; a verified local journal image was unavailable at this audit." }, "measurement-science-technology": { "name": "Measurement Science and Technology", "url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0957-0233", "logo": "assets/venues/iop-publisher.jpg", "logoKind": "Publisher logo (IOP Publishing)", "publisher": "IOP Publishing", "logoSource": "https://cdn.images.iop.org/website-logos/IOP-Publishing-300x83.jpg", "sha256": "1429b3eca6d72aeaaf4863bee6bc1cbaa30a52250c764a300b0acf70e7512b8e", "downloaded": "2026-11-10" } } }